Golang string 和 byte 操作性能比较，是选择哪种类型作业务运算，这个比较可能对你有帮助。
先上结论：
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Strings are faster for searches (contains, index, compare) purpose.
bytes are faster in create (replace, concat) purpose.
strings在做搜索🔍 （包含、索引、比较）时速度稍优于bytesbytes在做创建（替换、连接）时速度稍优于strings
下面代码
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value, ok := mymap[string(mybytes)]
BenchmarkMapHints-4 100000000 12.3 ns/op 0 B/op 0 allocs/op
优于
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key := string(mybytes)
value, ok := mymap[key]
BenchmarkMapsHints_Dont-4 100000000 22.0 ns/op 0 B/op 0 allocs/op
byte to string 的开销
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b:= string(bytes)
BenchmarkBytesToStrings-4 30000000 38.6 ns/op 32 B/op 1 allocs/op
测试代码
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package main
import (
"bytes"
"strings"
"testing"
)
var result interface{}
//BenchmarkBytesToStrings convert a []bytes in a string
//https://golang.org/pkg/bytes/#Compare
func BenchmarkBytesToStrings(b *testing.B) {
s1 := []byte("string to convert")
b.ResetTimer()
b.ReportAllocs()
var r string
for n := 0; n < b.N; n++ {
r = string(s1)
}
result = r
}
//BenchmarkBytesCompare compare 2 []bytes.
//https://golang.org/pkg/bytes/#Compare
func BenchmarkBytesCompare(b *testing.B) {
s1 := []byte("string to compare")
s2 := []byte("string to compare")
b.ResetTimer()
b.ReportAllocs()
var r int
for n := 0; n < b.N; n++ {
r = bytes.Compare(s1, s2)
}
result = r
}
//BenchmarkStringsCompare compare 2 strings.
//https://golang.org/pkg/strings/#Compare
func BenchmarkStringsCompare(b *testing.B) {
s1 := "string to compare"
s2 := "string to compare"
b.ResetTimer()
b.ReportAllocs()
var r int
for n := 0; n < b.N; n++ {
r = strings.Compare(s1, s2)
}
result = r
}
//BenchmarkBytesContains check contains method
//https://golang.org/pkg/bytes/#Contains
func BenchmarkBytesContains(b *testing.B) {
s1 := []byte("string to compare")
s2 := []byte("comparc")
b.ResetTimer()
b.ReportAllocs()
var r bool
for n := 0; n < b.N; n++ {
r = bytes.Contains(s1, s2)
}
result = r
}
//BenchmarkStringsContains check contains method
//https://golang.org/pkg/strings/#Contains
func BenchmarkStringsContains(b *testing.B) {
s1 := "string to compare"
s2 := "comparc"
b.ResetTimer()
b.ReportAllocs()
var r bool
for n := 0; n < b.N; n++ {
r = strings.Contains(s1, s2)
}
result = r
}
//BenchmarkBytesIndex check contains index
//https://golang.org/pkg/bytes/#Index
func BenchmarkBytesIndex(b *testing.B) {
s1 := []byte("string to compare")
s2 := []byte("e")
b.ResetTimer()
b.ReportAllocs()
var r int
for n := 0; n < b.N; n++ {
r = bytes.Index(s1, s2)
}
result = r
}
//BenchmarkStringIndex check contains index
//https://golang.org/pkg/strings/#Index
func BenchmarkStringIndex(b *testing.B) {
s1 := "string to compare"
s2 := "e"
b.ResetTimer()
b.ReportAllocs()
var r int
for n := 0; n < b.N; n++ {
r = strings.Index(s1, s2)
}
result = r
}
//BenchmarkBytesReplace check replace method
//https://golang.org/pkg/bytes/#Replace
func BenchmarkBytesReplace(b *testing.B) {
s1 := []byte("string to comparc")
s2 := []byte("comparc")
s3 := []byte("compare")
b.ResetTimer()
b.ReportAllocs()
var r []byte
for n := 0; n < b.N; n++ {
r = bytes.Replace(s1, s2, s3, -1)
}
result = r
}
//BenchmarkStringsReplace check replace method
//https://golang.org/pkg/strings/#Replace
func BenchmarkStringsReplace(b *testing.B) {
s1 := "string to comparc"
s2 := "comparc"
s3 := "compare"
b.ResetTimer()
b.ReportAllocs()
var r string
for n := 0; n < b.N; n++ {
r = strings.Replace(s1, s2, s3, -1)
}
result = r
}
//BenchmarkBytesConcat concats 2 bytes
func BenchmarkBytesConcat2(b *testing.B) {
s1 := []byte("string to compare")
s2 := []byte("string to add")
b.ResetTimer()
b.ReportAllocs()
for n := 0; n < b.N; n++ {
r := make([]byte, 0, len(s1)+len(s2))
r = append(r, s1...)
r = append(r, s2...)
}
}
//BenchmarkStringsConcat concats 2 strings
func BenchmarkStringsConcat2(b *testing.B) {
s1 := "string to compare"
s2 := "string to add"
b.ResetTimer()
b.ReportAllocs()
var r string
for n := 0; n < b.N; n++ {
r = s1 + s2
}
result = r
}
//BenchmarkStringsJoin joins 2 strings
//https://golang.org/pkg/strings/#Join
func BenchmarkStringsJoin2(b *testing.B) {
s1 := "string to compare"
s2 := "string to add"
b.ResetTimer()
b.ReportAllocs()
var r string
for n := 0; n < b.N; n++ {
j := []string{s1, s2}
r = strings.Join(j, "")
}
result = r
}
//BenchmarkMapHints bench mymap[string(abytes)]
func BenchmarkMapHints(b *testing.B) {
mymap := make(map[string]string)
mymap["key"] = "value"
abytes := []byte("key")
b.ResetTimer()
b.ReportAllocs()
var v string
for n := 0; n < b.N; n++ {
v, _ = mymap[string(abytes)]
}
result = v
}
//BenchmarkMapsHints_Dont bench key := string(abytes)
//v, _ = mymap[key]
func BenchmarkMapsHints_Dont(b *testing.B) {
mymap := make(map[string]string)
mymap["key"] = "value"
abytes := []byte("key")
b.ResetTimer()
b.ReportAllocs()
var v string
for n := 0; n < b.N; n++ {
key := string(abytes)
v, _ = mymap[key]
}
result = v
}
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